Urinary Incontinence

What is urinary incontinence?

Urinary incontinence is a health condition where you can’t control when you urinate (pee), either once in a while or all the time. It’s a common health condition that affects people of all ages, but you’re more likely to have it as you get older. Incontinence happens more often in women — almost half of all women will experience incontinence at some point in their lives.

Normally, your bladder muscles are relaxed and hold urine in. When you need to urinate, your bladder muscles contract and the muscles that hold your bladder closed become open as you push urine out through your urethra (the tube where urine leaves your body). With incontinence, this process doesn’t work the right way.

If you have incontinence, you may feel embarrassed and limit your social activities. It can also interrupt your sleep, cause problems at work and create hygiene issues. It can also put you at risk for a fall if you’re rushing to get to a bathroom.

Types of urinary incontinence

There are several forms of urinary incontinence. The two most common types include: 

• Stress incontinence – Urine leaks when pressure is placed on your bladder, such as when you laugh, sneeze or exercise. 
• Urge incontinence – A strong, sudden need to urinate that can cause accidents before you reach a bathroom. 

Other types include overflow incontinence, functional incontinence and mixed incontinence (a combination of symptoms). 

Learn more about types of incontinence. 

Who is at risk for incontinence?

Women are more likely to develop urinary incontinence due to: 

Pregnancy and childbirth 

• Hormonal changes during menopause 
• Pelvic floor muscle weakening 

Men may experience incontinence related to prostate issues, such as an enlarged prostate or after prostate surgery. 

Other risk factors include: 

• Older age 
• Obesity 
• Certain medications 
• Nerve damage or neurological conditions 

Learn more about incontinence risk factors. 

How is urinary incontinence diagnosed?

If you have symptoms of incontinence, it’s a good idea to talk to your health care provider. You may be referred to: 

• A primary care provider 
• A urologist (specialist in urinary conditions) 
• A gynecologist (specialist in female reproductive health) 

Your provider will review your medical history, perform a physical exam and may recommend tests such as: 

• Urinalysis 
• Bladder diary 
• Post-void residual measurement 
• Cystoscopy or urodynamic tests 

Learn more about diagnosing incontinence. 

Treatment options for urinary incontinence

The good news is that incontinence is treatable. Depending on your type and symptoms, your provider may recommend: 

• Lifestyle changes, such as bladder training or fluid management 
• Pelvic floor therapy or Kegel exercises 
• Medications to relax the bladder or strengthen muscles 
• Medical devices, such as a pessary 
• Surgical options in more serious cases 

Learn more about incontinence treatment. 

Coping with incontinence: Support and self-care

Urinary incontinence can affect more than just your bladder—it can impact your self-esteem and emotional health. Staying positive and proactive can make a big difference. 

Tips for managing incontinence: 

• Follow your provider’s care plan 
• Prioritize self-care, including staying active and eating well 
• Practice stress management 
• Talk to your provider about joining a support group 

Helpful resources: 

• National Association for Continence
• Urology Care Foundation
• National Institute on Aging
• National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases
• Office on Women’s Health

Get help for urinary incontinence at Banner Health 

You’re not alone—and you don’t have to live with incontinence. At Banner Health, our experienced care teams are here to help you regain control and improve your quality of life. 

Schedule an appointment with a provider who specializes in urinary incontinence today.